semiconductors lab report

Semiconductor Lab-01

Objectives:-
To be familiar with V-I characteristics of Diode.

Apparatus Required:-
1) D.C power supply
2) Voltmeter-1
3) Ammeter-2
4) Resistor (100 ohm or 220 ohm)
5) Diode-1
6) Connecting leads
Theory:-
Semiconducting devices are at the heart of microelectronic evolution leading in the information age. A basic two terminal (+ve & -ve) s/c device having capability of conducting current only in a single direction is Diode. The ideal diode is the most fundamental non-linear circuit. In a forward biased diode with some amount of current the voltage across it is zero.Thus, a forward biased diode behaves as short circuit & is said to be turned on. Similarly, A reverse biased diode behaves as open circuit with no current flowing through it. Thus, an ideal diode can conduct current only when it is connected in a forward direction. The I-V characteristics of ideal diode is highly non- linear ; although it consists of two straight line segments , that are at 90 to each other . A non-linear curve that consists of straight line segments is said to be piece-wise linear.

Analytical statement:-
According to the theory the V-I characteristics curve is non-linear that means the curve go on changing as the voltage increases. Similarly by performing the practical we have observed that the V-I characteristics curve of our practical also goes on varying slowly as the voltage increases and at a certain point it rises suddeny to some extent. Thus, the relation between the curve of the theory that obtained by performing practical is some how similar.

Analogous study:-
As the input voltage was ranged from 0 - 0.4, the current was increased simultaneously with voltage, but when 0.5 volt was taken the current was suddenly increased and at 0.7 volt the current observed was maxmimum. Thus, due to this behaviour of the diode we can easily predict that the diode used is silicon diode. Because, the diode used has similar characteristics to that of the silicon diode. so the type of the diode used is silicon diode. And the V-I curve is linear to some extent but it rised suddenly at final voltage. so, the family of the curve is non-linear.